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Disclosure 10. Hoffman JR, Landau G, Stout JR, et al. β-Alanine supplemen-
The authors have indicated they have no financial relation- tation improves tactical performance but not cognitive function
ships relevant to this article to disclose. in elite special operation soldiers. J Int Soci Sports Nutr. 2014;
11:15.
11. Hayman M. Two minute clinical test for measurement of intellec-
Funding tual impairment in psychiatric disorders. Arch Neurol Psychiatry.
Kemin Foods (Des Moines, IA) supported this study but had 1942;47:454–464.
no involvement in collection, interpretation, or analysis of 12. Wells AJ, Hoffman JR, Gonzalez AM, et al. Phosphatidylserine
data, or in writing the manuscript. and caffeine attenuates post-exercise mood disturbance and per-
ception of fatigue in humans. Nutr Res. 2013;33:464–472.
13. Buchheit M. The numbers will love you back in return-I promise.
Author Contributions Int J Sports Physiol Performance. 2016;11:551–554.
JRH, YBM, and IO conceived the study concept. JRH, MWH, 14. Batterham AM, Hopkins WG. Making meaningful inferences
and IO were involved in data collection. YBM was involved about magnitudes. Int J Sports Physiol Performance. 2006;1:
in subject recruitment. JRH performed statistical analysis. All 50–57.
authors read and approved the final manuscript. 15. Hopkins WG, Marshall SW, Batterham AM, et al. Progressive
statistics for studies in sports medicine and exercise science. Med
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96 | JSOM Volume 18, Edition 4 / Winter 2018