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20. Brunick T, Burfoot A, Wischnia B. Runner’s World 1995 fall 43. Fort Benning testing athletic shoes. Sneakers may get foothold
shoe buyer’s guide. Runner’s World. 1995;30:45–70. in Army. Stars and Stripes. 1982;41:1,28.
21. Wischnia B. The Runner’s World spring 1999 shoe buyer’s 44. Knapik JJ, Jones BH, Steelman RA. Physical training in boots
guide. Runner’s World. 1999;34:49–53. and running shoes: a historical comparison of injury inci-
22. Greene W, Fredericksen R. Fall shoe guide. Runner’s World. dence in basic combat training. Mil Med. 2015;180:321–328.
2006;41:99–116.
23. Pritchard AE. Running shoe design, selection and care: does
it make a difference? US Army Med Dep J. 2001;Apr/May/
Jun:43–51.
24. Greene W, Fredericksen R. Runner’s World fall shoe guide. MAJ (Ret) Knapik served in the military as an enlisted wheel
Runner’s World. 2007;42:102. vehicle mechanic and medic before he was commissioned as a
25. Ellis J. The match game. Finding the right shoe for your bio- Medical Service Corps officer in the US Army. He retired from
mechanics and running gait. Runner’s World. 1985;20:66–70. military service in 1994 and continued active research at the
26. Brunick T, Wischnia B. Battle of the midsoles. Shoe compa- US Army Research Laboratory and epidemiology at the Army
nies fight for the right to protect your legs. Runner’s World. Institute of Public Health before retiring from civil service in
1987;22:44–47. 2011. He is a fellow of the American College of Sports Medi-
27. Nike Inc. Inside assess: natural motion and Nike Free. http:// cine and holds the Order of Military Medical Merit. He is
news.nike.com/news/inside-access-natural-motion-and-nike currently working as a Knowledge Preservation Fellow at the
-free. Accessed 15 September 2015.
28. Vibram FiveFingers. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vibram Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge,
_FiveFingers. Accessed 11 September 2015. Tennessee. E-mail: joseph.j.knapik@JSOMonline.org.
29. Knapik JJ, Swedler D, Grier T, et al. Injury reduction effec-
tiveness of selecting running shoes based on plantar shape. J Dr Pope is currently an associate professor of Physiotherapy
Strength Cond Res. 2009;23:685–697. and coleads the Tactical Research Unit at Bond University,
30. Knapik JJ, Brosch LC, Venuto M, et al. Effect on injuries of Robina, Queensland, Australia. Pope provided clinical phys-
assigning shoes based on foot shape in Air Force Basic Train- iotherapy, rehabilitation, and injury prevention services at the
ing. Am J Prev Med. 2010;38:S197–S211. Australian Army Recruit Training Centre before establishing
31. Knapik JJ, Trone DW, Swedler DI, et al. Injury reduction ef- and leading the Australian Defence Injury Prevention Program.
fectiveness of assigning running shoes based on plantar shape As part of this work, and more recently in his university roles,
in Marine Corps basic training. Am J Sports Med. 2010;38: Pope has conducted and supervised wide-ranging research and
1759–1767.
32. Knapik JJ, Trone DW, Tchandja J, et al. Injury-reduction ef- consultancy projects on preventing injuries and enhancing
fectiveness of prescribing running shoes on the basis of foot performance during physical activity in tactical training and
arch height: summary of military investigations. J Orthop operational contexts. E-mail: rpope@bond.edu.au.
Sports Phys Ther. 2014;44:805–812.
33. Grier T, Canham-Chervak M, Bushman T, et al. Injury risk Dr Orr served in the Australian Regular Army for over 23
and performance among soldiers wearing minimalist run- years as an infantry Soldier, physical training instructor, phys-
ning shoes compared to traditional running shoes. http://phc iotherapist, and human performance officer. Still serving in the
.amedd.army.mil/PHC%20Resource%20Library/Minimalist reserves, he co-leads the Tactical Research Unit at Bond Uni-
RunningShoes.pdf. Accessed 22 September 2015. versity, Robina, Queensland, Australia, and serves as cochair
34. Williams DSB, Tierney RN, Butler RJ. Increased medial of Tactical Strength and Conditioning Australia, and editor
longitudinal arch mobility, lower extremity kinematics, and
ground reaction forces in high-arched runners. J Athl Train. of the Tactical Strength and Conditioning Report for the Na-
2014;49:290–296. tional Strength and Conditioning Association. Orr currently
35. Lee SY, Hertel J. Arch height and maximum rearfoot ever- supervises and conducts research for various law enforcement
sion during jogging in 2 static neutral positions. J Athl Train. agencies and the military and fire and rescue services, as well
2012;47:83–90. as providing consultancy and educational services. E-mail:
36. Buldt AK, Murley GS, Butterworth P, et al. The relationship rorr@bond.edu.au.
between foot posture and lower limb kinematics during walk-
ing: a systematic review. Gait Posture. 2013;38:363–372. Mr Grier is a health scientist in the Injury Prevention Pro-
37. US War Department. Physical Conditioning, War Depart- gram under the Directorate of Epidemiology and Disease
ment Pamphlet 21-9. Department of War. Washington DC: Surveillance, US Army Public Health Center (APHC), Ab-
US War Department; 1944.
38. US Army. Physical Readiness Training, Field Manual 21-20. erdeen Proving Ground, Maryland. In his current position,
Washington, DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army; Mr Grier serves as an investigator and technical advisor for
1980. a broad range of investigative efforts in the areas of exercise
39. East WB. A historical review and analysis of Army physical and activity epidemiology. At APHC, he has also worked for
readiness training and assessment. Fort Leavenworth, KS: the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operations as a health analyst
Combat Studies Institute Press; 2013. tracking health/preventive medicine issues. Before arriving at
40. US Army. Physical Fitness Training, Field Manual 21-20. APHC, Mr Grier worked for the Air Force as a wellness direc-
Washington, DC: Headquarters, Department of the Army; tor and exercise physiologist implementing wellness programs
1985. and serving as the expert for physiological training. E-mail:
41. Williams R. Camouflage maternity uniform OK’d. Stars and tyson.l.grier.civ@mail.mil.
Stripes. 1982;41:1,21.
42. Spear M. Getting plastered all in the day’s work. For airborne
troops, foot casts are almost a part of the uniform. Stars and
Stripes. 1983;42:8.

108 Journal of Special Operations Medicine Volume 15, Edition 4/Winter 2015