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and seriousness of the rise. 10. IDEXX Laboratories Inc SNAP 4Dx Test Kit.
®
®
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The findings of this surveillance study showed the pres- of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the epi-
ence of the VBDs E. canis, A. phagocytophilum, and D. demiology of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Vet Parasitol.
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of surveillance for VBD to determine disease prevalence, 12. Dantas-Torres F. Canine vector-borne diseases in Brazil.
develop risk assessments, and implement preventive Parasites Vectors. 2008;1:25.
medicine and other applicable control measures. The 13. Mitchell CJ. Vector competence of North and South Amer-
findings reinforce the critical need for continual field ica strains of Aedes albopictus for certain arboviruses: a
review. J Am Mosquito Control Assoc. 1991;7:446–451.
surveillance for VBD present in animals. At the public 14. Conn JE, Mitchell SE, Cockburn AF. Mitochondrial DNA
36
health level, this study advances the One Health concept variation within and between two species of neotropical
(a collaborative effort of multiple disciplines working anopheline mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). J Hered. 1997;
locally, nationally, and globally, to address critical chal- 88:98–107.
lenges and attain optimal health for people, domestic 15. Moraes-Filho J, Marcili A, Nieri-Bastos FA, et al. Genetic
animals, wildlife, and the environment). These surveil- analysis of ticks belonging to the Rhipicephalus sanguine-
lance studies are value-added, objective tools for local ous group in Latin America. Acta Trop. 2011;117:51–55.
health departments and leaders who must develop and 16. Dantas-Torres F. The brown dog tick, Rhipecephalus san-
implement comprehensive and timely preventive mea- guineus (Latrielle, 1806) (Acari: Ixididae): from taxon-
sures to ensure the health of the public. omy to control. Vet Parasitol. 2008;152:173–185. http://
www.idexx.com/view/xhtml/en_us/smallanimal/inhouse
/snap/4dx.jsf.
Disclosures 17. Johnson EM, Ewing SA, Barker RW, et al. (1998) Ex-
perimental transmission of Ehrlichia canis (Rickettsiales:
The authors have nothing to disclose. Ehrlichieae) by Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae).
Vet Parasitol. 1998;74:277–288.
18. Swanson SJ, Neitzel D, Reed KD, et al. Coinfections ac-
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