Page 123 - JSOM Summer 2020

FIGURE 10 Pneumatic-type tourniquets apply pressure References
circumferentially through being inflated after being applied around 1. Neal M, Reynolds B, Bertoty D, et al. Design and implementation
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mended them for CoTCCC approval. 11 7. McCarty J, Hashmi Z, Herrera-Escobar J, et al. Effectiveness of
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ing among laypeople applying different tourniquet types. JAMA
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8. Wall P, Buising C, Sahr S. Getting tourniquets right = getting tour-
While the CAT has been considered the standard of care for niquets tight. J Spec Oper Med. 2019;19(3):52–63.
prehospital hemorrhage control, the current literature describes 9. CoTCCC Guidelines. 2019 CoTCCC Recommended Devices &
both its benefits and pitfalls compared with the available alter- Adjuncts as of 06 May 2019.
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similarly across multiple studies, whereas the SOFTT-W was 11. Montgomery H, Hammesfahr R, Fisher A, et al. 2019 Recom-
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the SWAT-T and TMT is unfortunately conflicting, and thus 12. Kragh, J Jr, et al. Short report comparing Generation 6 versus
these tourniquets should only be used with proper training. The prototype Generation 7 Combat Application Tourniquet in a
manikin hemorrhage model.
work for the other nonpneumatic tourniquets described is other- 13. SOF Tactical Tourniquet – Tactical Medical Solutions. 2020.
®
wise limited and more research is needed, especially that which Retrieved from https://www.tacmedsolutions.com/SOF-Tactical
evaluates their performance compared with the CAT in simu- -Tourniquet
lated combat. Regardless, one tenet of the above comparison 14. SOF Tourniquet Gen 4 – Tactical Medical Solutions. 2020. Re-
®
studies is that no matter how well these tourniquets performed, trieved from https://www.tacmedsolutions.com/SOF-Tourniquet
appropriate training is essential for success in practice. One -Gen-4
7,8
of the most significant current issues with the current body of 15. SAM XT Tourniquet | Tourniquets for Sale Online. 2020. Re-
trieved from https://www.sammedical.com/products/sam-xt
literature is that the majority of studies are either anecdotal or 16. TMT Tourniquet – Combat Medical Systems, Harrisburg,
™
were conducted using trained military or medical professional NC. 2020. Retrieved from https://combatmedical.com/product/
study groups. The target population for hemorrhage control ed- tmt-tourniquet/
ucation with STB is civilian laypersons, who would find most 17. Military Emergency Tourniquet (MET) Gen III – H&H Medi-
of these models complicated and therefore unusable in the set- cal Corporation. 2020. Retrieved from https://buyhandh.com
ting of life-threatening hemorrhage. Hence the widespread ap- /products/military-emergency-tourniquet-met-gen-iii
™
peal of the simplest model, the CAT tourniquet. As no two STB 18. SWAT-T – Stretch Wrap and Tuck Tourniquet. 2020. Retrieved
from https://www.swat-t.com/
student populations are identical, different questions may arise 19. 6.5 feet (2 m)/2.5 inches (6.5 cm) Emergency Silicone Tourniquet –
depending on which alterative model the layperson discovered. Israeli First Aid. 2020. Retrieved from https://israelifirstaid.com/6
Therefore, providers and instructors should be prepared with -5-feet-2-m-2-5-inches-6-5-cm-emergency-silicone-tourniquet/
this information to not only guide their classes toward a more 20. RATS Rapid Application Tourniquet System Gen 2 (Black) |
educated purchase but also increase the likelihood of using said ratsmedical.com. 2020. Retrieved from https://ratsmedical.com
/products/rats-gen-2-black
tourniquet, stopping the bleed, and saving a life. 21. Ratcheting Medical Tourniquet – Tactical | M2 Ratcheting
®
Buckles and Straps. 2020. Retrieved from https://www.ratcheting
Acknowledgments buckles.com/ratchet-buckles-ladder-straps/ratcheting-medical
We would like to thank the University of Maryland, Baltimore -tourniquet-tactical/
for providing us with PubMed access without which we would 22. TX Tourniquets – RevMedx. 2020. Retrieved from https://www
be unable to conduct this literature review. .revmedx.com/tx-tourniquets/
23. Emergency & Military Tourniquet. 2018. Retrieved from http://
www.delfimedical.com/emergency-military-tourniquet/
Author Contributions 24. TPT2-60062 Pneumatic Tourniquet | AeroBase Group, Inc. 2020.
JM and HP conceived the study concept, performed literature Retrieved from https://aerobasegroup.com/part-number/tpt2-600
review, and wrote the manuscript. FB, JD, RH, and TS pro- 62_01-656-4831
vided additional literature and reviewed the manuscript. 25. Marine Tourniquet I Surf First Aid | Water Survival | omnainc.
com. 2020. Retrieved from https://www.omnainc.com/
Disclosure 26. S.T.A.T. Tourniquet. 2020. Retrieved from https://www.statmed
devices.com/
The authors have no financial interests to disclose and there 27. MATCombat Military Tourniquet – Pyng Medical. 2020. Re-
was no outside funding. trieved from http://www.pyng.com/products/matcombat/

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