Page 73 - Journal of Special Operations Medicine - Spring 2014

38. Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dietrich T, Orav EJ, et al. Higher 55. Bryan CJ, Clemans TA. Repetitive traumatic brain injury,
25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with psychological symptoms, and suicide risk in a clinical
better lower-extremity function in both active and in- sample of deployed military personnel. JAMA Psychiatry.
active persons age ≥60 y. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;80:752– 2013;70:686–691.
758. 56. Aminmansour B, Nikbakht H, Ghorbani A, et al. Com-
39. Dhesi JK, Jackson SH, Bearne LM, et al. Vitamin D sup- parison of the administration of progesterone versus pro-
plementation improves neuromuscular function in older gesterone and vitamin D in improvement of outcomes
people who fall. Age Ageing. 2004;33:589–595. in patients with traumatic brain injury: a randomized
40. Blomberg Jensen M. Vitamin D metabolism, sex hor- clinical trial with placebo group. Adv Biomed Res. 2012;
mones, and male reproductive function. Reproduction. 1:58.
2012;144:135–152. 57. Mulchahey JJ, Ekhator NN, Zhang H, et al. Cerebrospi-
41. Henning PC, Park BS, Kim JS. Physiological decrements nal fluid and plasma testosterone levels in post-traumatic
during sustained military operational stress. Mil Med. stress disorder and tobacco dependence. Psychoneuroen-
2011;176:991–997. docrinology. 2001;26:273–285.
42. Wehr E, Pilz S, Boehm BO, et al. Association of vitamin D 58. Karlović D, Serretti A, Marčinko D, et al. Serum testoster-
status with serum androgen levels in men. Clin Endocri- one concentration in combat-related chronic posttraumatic
nol. 2010;73:243–248. stress disorder. Neuropsychobiology. 2012;65:90–95.
43. Pilz S, Frisch S, Koertke H, et al. Effect of vitamin D sup- 59. Tripkovic L, Lambert H, Hart K, et al. Comparison of
plementation on testosterone levels in men. Horm Metab vitamin D and vitamin D supplementation in raising se-
3
2
Res. 2011;43:223–225. rum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status: a systematic review and
44. Carraro U, Ferigo M, Strapazzon G, Plebani M, Foresta meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012;95:1357–1364.
C. Evidence for a link between bone and testis in 25 (OH) 60. Pietras SM, Obayan BK, Cai MH, et al. Vitamin D treat-
2
Vit D production: role of osteocalcin. Poster session pre- ment for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency for up to
sented at: The Endocrine Society 95th Annual Meeting 6 years. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:1806–1808.
and Expo; 16 June 2013; San Francisco, CA.
45. Eyles DW, Burne THJ, McGrath JJ. Vitamin D, effects
on brain development, adult brain function and the links Disclosures
between low levels of vitamin D and neuropsychiatric dis- The authors have indicated they have no financial rela-
ease. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2013;34:47–64. tionships relevant to this article to disclose. No funding
46. Smolders J, Moen SM, Damoiseaux J, et al. Vitamin D in was used to support this work.
the healthy and inflamed central nervous system: access
and function. J Neurol Sci. 2011;311:37–43.
47. McCann JC, Ames BN. Is there convincing biological or
behavioral evidence linking vitamin D deficiency to brain
dysfunction? FASEB J. 2008;22:982–1001. Dr. Wentz is an assistant professor in the Department of Nu-
48. Ganji V, Milone C, Cody MM, et al. Serum vitamin D trition Science at East Carolina University. Prior to joining the
concentrations are related to depression in young adult ECU faculty, Dr. Wentz was the Performance Dietitian for 3rd
U.S. population: the Third National Health and Nutrition Special Forces Group (Airborne) in Fort Bragg, NC. During her
Examination Survey. Int Arch Med. 2010;3:29. time working with this Group, she collaborated with physicians
49. Llewellyn DJ, Lang IA, Langa KM, et al. Vitamin D and to treat vitamin D deficiencies in Servicemembers in addition
risk of cognitive decline in elderly persons. Arch Intern to conducting nutrition assessments and implementing dietary
Med. 2010;170:1135–1141. treatment plans for combat Operators. Dr. Wentz is currently
50. Patterson ZR, Holahan MR. Understanding the neuro- conducting research aimed at identifying clinically relevant cor-
inflammatory response following concussion to develop relations between vitamin D and associated hormones to iden-
treatment strategies. Front Cell Neurosci. 2012; 6:58. tify potential treatment strategies as well as investigating the
51. Cekic M, Cutler SM, VanLandingham JW, et al. Vitamin potential relationship of vitamin D levels with post-concussive
D deficiency reduces the benefits of progesterone treat- symptoms following TBI. E-mail: wentzl@ecu.edu.
ment after brain injury in aged rats. Neurobiol Aging.
2011;32:864–874. MSG Eldred is the senior enlisted medical advisor for 3rd
52. Woodcock T, Morganti-Kossmann MC. The role of Special Forces Group (Airborne), Fort Bragg, NC. He advises
markers of inflammation in traumatic brain injury. Front the Group Command Team, Group/ BN Surgeons, 184 Special
Cell Neurosci. 2013;4:18. Forces Medical Sergeants, and Group Staff on all aspects of
53. Chen Y, Liu W, Sun T, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D medical operations. MSG Eldred tracks and coordinates the
promotes negative feedback regulation of TLR signaling care for the Group’s sick and wounded warriors to include at-
via targeting microRNA-155-SOCS1 in macrophages. J tachments during deployment while also planning, resourcing,
Immunol. 2013;190:3687–3695. and overseeing all medical training within the Group. MSG El-
54. Wilkinson CW, Pagulayan KF, Petrie EC, et al. High prev- dred graduated from the Special Forces Qualification Course
alence of chronic pituitary and target-organ hormone ab- in April 2005 before holding the position of Special Forces
normalities after blast-related mild traumatic brain injury. Medical Sergeant Operational Detachment Alpha (ODA) 336,
Front Neurol. 2012;3:11. 1st Battalion, 3rd Special Forces Group (Airborne). Additional

Vitamin D Status in Soldiers and Physical and Cognitive Performance 65