Page 83 - Journal of Special Operations Medicine - Spring 2017

Table 1 Cont.
Rank No. of
Order Article Citation Year Times Cited
101 Gwinn DE, et al. Blast-induced lower extremity fractures with arterial injury: prevalence 2011 3
and risk factors for amputation after initial limb-preserving treatment. J Orthop Trauma.
2011;25(9):543–548.
102 Ramasamy A, et al. Blast-related fracture patterns: a forensic biomechanical approach. J R Soc 2011 3
Interface. 2011;8(58):689–698.
103 Gordon WT, et al. Outcomes associated with the internal fixation of long-bone fractures 2010 3
proximal to traumatic amputations. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010;92A(13):2312–2318.
104 Borut LTJ, et al. The use of temporary vascular shunts in military extremity wounds: a 2010 3
preliminary outcome analysis with 2-year follow-up. J Trauma. 2010;69(1):174–178.
105 Fox CJ, et al. Popliteal artery repair in massively transfused military trauma casualties: a pursuit 2010 3
to save life and limb. J Trauma. 2010;69:S123–S134.
106 Van PY, et al. High transfusion ratios are not associated with increased complication rates in 2010 3
patients with severe extremity injuries. J Trauma. 2010;69:S64–S68.
107 McKay BJ, Bir CA. Lower extremity injury criteria for evaluating military vehicle occupant 2009 3
injury in underbelly blast events. Stapp Car Crash J. 2009;53:229–249.
108 Johnson ON, et al. Physical exam and occult post-traumatic vascular lesions: implications for 2007 3
the evaluation and management of arterial injuries in modern warfare in the endovascular era. J
Cardiovasc Surg. 2007;48(5):581–586.
109 Jenson MG, Sorensen RF. Early use of regional and local anesthesia in a combat environment 2006 3
may prevent the development of complex regional pain syndrome in wounded combatants. Mil
Med. 2006;171(5):396–398.
110 Ng RLH, et al. The SOHO nail bomb: the UCH experience. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2001; 2001 3
83(5):297–301.
111 Alharby SW. The evolving pattern of war-related injuries from the Afghanistan conflict. Mil 1996 3
Med. 1996;161(3):163–164.
112 Davis GL. Infrequent dressing change—procedure in association with primary delayed closure of 1968 3
compound extremity wounds of war. Arch Surg. 1968;96(5):795–797.
113 Evans KN, et al. Inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression is associated with 2012 2
heterotopic ossification in high-energy penetrating war injuries. J Orthop Trauma.
2012;26(11):E204–E213.
114 Burns TC, et al. Microbiology and injury characteristics in severe open tibia fractures from 2012 2
combat. J Trauma. 2012;72(4):1062–1067.
115 Cross JD, et al. Return to duty after type III open tibia fracture. J Orthop Trauma. 2012 2
2012;26(1):43–47.

and then reviewed the use of surgical and transfusion of injury. During the early posttraumatic period, this
resources and casualty disability. The authors described blast-injured group had statistically significant eleva-
three different patterns by number: No. 1, victim was tions of blood thromboxane A , prostacyclin, and sul-
2
standing on a mine; No. 2, victim was injured by frag- fidopeptide leukotrienes, compared with 62 patients
ment from a mine; and No. 3, the victim was injured without a blast mechanism. The study also found that
while handling a mine. They found that injury pattern 30% of blast-injured patients experienced long-term
No. 1 was the most injurious and most debilitating and (longer than 1 year) central nervous system disorders
required the most resources because of traumatic lower and neurologic symptoms. These findings led the au-
limb amputation, often with other associated genital thors to conclude that primary blast injuries are more
injury, central injuries, and multiple limb injuries. This common than previously thought and, perhaps, eico-
injury pattern is not unlike the dismounted improvised sanoids could be used to confirm and monitor blast
explosive device injury seen during the recent conflicts injuries. 23
in Iraq and Afghanistan. 22
These top-three articles are distinguished by having
The third most-cited article, by Cernak et al., looked been highly cited in peer-reviewed reports of subsequent
23
at 1,333 patients injured by explosive munitions in combat orthopedic and hemostasis-related clinical tri-
Belgrade between 1991 and 1994. The study popula- als, in numerous review articles, in reports of clinical tri-
tion consisted of 65 patients with a blast mechanism als in other areas of medicine, and in preclinical research

Key Orthopedic and Extremity Injury Articles 61