Page 94 - Journal of Special Operations Medicine - Winter 2016
P. 94
US Army Medical Department or the US Government. 24. Reynolds KL, Kaszuba J, Mello RP, et al. Prolonged treadmill
The use of trademark names does not imply endorse- load carriage: acute injuries and changes in foot anthropom-
ment by the US Army but is intended only to assist in the etry. Technical Report No. T1/91. Natick, MA: US Army Re-
search Institute of Environmental Medicine; 1990.
identification of a specific product. 25. Saranga J, Green A, Lewis J, et al. Effect of a cervical lat-
eral glide on the upper limb neurodynamic test. 1. A blinded
Disclosures placebo-controlled investigation. Physiotherapy. 2003;89:
678–684.
The authors have nothing to disclose. 26. Hooper TL, Denton J, McGalliard MK, et al. Thoracic outlet
syndrom: a controversal clinical comndition. Part 1. Anat-
References omy, and clinical examination/diagnosis. J Man Manip Ther.
2010;18:74–83.
1. National Institutes of Health. NINDS paresthesia infor- 27. Hooper TL, Denton J, McGalliard MK, et al. Throacic
mation page. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/paresthesia/ outlet syndrome: a controversal clinical condition. Part 2.
paresthesia.htm. Accessed 14 September 2016. Non-surgical and surgical management. J Man Manip Ther.
2. Sutton EL. Preparing for combat: athletic injuries incurred 2010;18:132–137.
and performance limiting orthopedic and medical conditions. 28. Lafiandra M, Harman E. The distribution of forces between
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1976;8:74. the upper and lower back during load carriage. Med Sci
3. Bessen RJ, Belcher VW, Franklin RJ. Rucksack paralysis with Sports Exerc. 2004;36:460–467.
and without rucksack frames. Mil Med. 1987;152:372–375. 29. Holewijn M. Physiological strain due to load carrying. Eur J
4. Daube JR. Rucksack paralysis. JAMA. 1969;208:2447–2452. Appl Physiol. 1990;61:237–245.
5. Hauser CU, Martin WF. Two additional cases of traumatic 30. Allison GT, Nagy NM, Hall T. A randomized clinical trial
winged scapula occurring in the Armed Forces. JAMA. 1943; of manual therapy for cervico-brachial pain syndrome-a pilot
121:667–668. study. Man Ther. 2002;7:95–102.
6. Ilfeld FW, Holder HG. Winged scapula: case occurring in sol- 31. Nee RJ, Vicenzino B, Jull GA, et al. Neural tissue manage-
dier from knapsack. JAMA. 1942;120:448–449. ment provides immediate clinically relevant benefits without
7. Wilson WJ. Brachial plexus palsy in basic trainees. Mil Med. harmful effects for patients with nerve-related neck and arm
1987;152:519–522. pain: a randomized trial. J Physiother. 2012;58:23–31.
8. DeLuigi AJ, Pasquina P, Dahl E. Ruckpack-induced plexopa- 32. Stein M, Shlamkovitch N, Finestone A, et al. Marcher’s pares-
thy mimicking a lateral antebrachial cutaneous neuropathy. thetica among recruits. Foot Ankle. 1989;9:312–313.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;87:773–775. 33. Wartenberg R. Digitalgia paresthetica and gonyalgia pares-
9. Nylund T, Mattila VM, Salmi T, et al. Recovery of brachial thetica. Neurology. 1954;4:106–115.
plexus lesions resulting from heavy backpack use: a follow-up 34. Massey EW. Digitalgia paresthetica in the foot. JAMA. 1978;
case series. BMC Musculoskel Disord. 2011;12:62. 239:1393–1394.
10. McCulloch R, Sheena Y, Simpson C, et al. Brachial plexus 35. Meharg JG. Cowboy boot neuropathy. JAMA. 1984;251:
palsy following a training run with a heavy backpack. J R 2659–2660.
Army Med Corps. 2014;160:317–319. 36. Boulware DR. Backpacking-induced paresthesias. Wilderness
11. Rose K, Davies A, Pitt M, et al. Backpack palsy: a rare com- Environ Med. 2003;14:161–166.
plication of backpack use in children and young adults-a new 37. Sarwark JF: Essentials of musculoskeletal care. Rosemount
case report. Europ J Paediatric Neurol. 2016;20:750–753. IL: American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons; 2010.
12. Bom F. A case of “pack palsy” from the Korean War. Acta 38. Antoniadis G, Scheglmann K. Posterior trasal tunnel syndrome.
Psychist Neurol Scand. 1953;28:1–4. Deutsches Arzteblatt International. 2008;105:776–781.
13. Woodhall B. Pack palsy. Bull US Army Med Dept. 1944;2: 39. DePrado M, Cuervas-Mons M, Golano P, et al. The tarsal
112–117. tunnel syndrome. FuB & Sprunggelenk. 2015;13:227–236.
14. Attard GJ. Pack palsy. J R Army Med Corps. 1985;131:50–51. 40. Ahmad M, Tsang K, MacKenney PJ, et al. Tarsal tunnel syn-
15. Maurya S, Singh M, Bahandari PS, et al. Backpack brachial drome: a literature review. Foot Ankle Surg. 2012;18:149–152.
plexus palsy. Ind J Neurotrauma. 2009;6:153–154. 41. Kavlak Y, Uygur F. Effects of nerve mobilization exercise as
16. Bhatt BM. “Top cover neuropathy”-transient brachial an adjunct to the conservative treatment for patients with tar-
plexopathy due to body armor. J R Army Med Corps. 1990; sal tunnel syndrome. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 2011;34:
136:53–54. 441–448.
17. Makela JP, Ramstad R, Mattila V, et al. Brachial plexus le-
sions after backpack carriage in young adults. Clin Orthop
Relat Res. 2006;452:205–209.
18. Kim KE, Kim EJ. Incidence and risk factors for backpack palsy MAJ (Ret) Knapik served in the military as an enlisted wheel-
in young Korean soldiers. J R Army Med Corps. 2016;162: vehicle mechanic and medic before he was commissioned as a
35–38. Medical Service Corps officer in the US Army. He retired from
19. Corkill G, Lieberman JS, Taylor RG. Pack palsy in backpack- military service in 1994 and continued active research at the
ers. West J Med. 1980;132:569–572. US Army Research Laboratory and in epidemiology at the US
20. Rothner AD, Wibbourn A, Mercer RD. Rucksack plasy. Pedi- Army Public Health Center before retiring from civil service in
atrics. 1975;56:822–824. 2011. He is a fellow of the American College of Sports Medi-
21. White HH. Pack palsy: a neurological complication of scout- cine, holds the Order of Military Medical Merit, and is an
ing. Pediatrics. 1968;41:1001–1003.
22. Funahashi A. Depressant effect of rucksack-induced branchial adjunct professor at Uniformed Services University (Bethesda,
plexus cord squeeze on endurance of isometric strength and Maryland) and Bond University (Robina, Queensland, Austra-
simple reaction time. J Sci Labor (Japan). 1978;54:373–378. lia). He currently works as a Knowledge Preservation Fellow
23. Magee DJ: Orthopedic physical assessment. Philadelphia PA: at the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak
W.B. Sanders; 2002. Ridge, Tennessee. E-mail: joseph.knapik@jsomonline.org.
78 Journal of Special Operations Medicine Volume 16, Edition 4/Winter 2016

