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– 4-mile patrol over rocky terrain to the objective reFerences
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– Chance contact with three hostiles at the drop zone 1993 Student Manual. Chicago, American College of Surgeons,
– Contact results in two KIA and one prisoner 1993.
– Prisoner is a 15 year-old boy who was not armed 2. Butler FK, Hagmann J, Butler EG: Tactical Combat Casualty Care
in Special Operations. Military Medicine 1996; 161 (supp): 1–16.
3. Richards TR: Commander, Naval Special Warfare Command let-
Figure 18 Entebbe Raid – Tactical Problem Scenario ter 1500 Ser 04/0341; 9 April 1997.
– 27 June 1976 4. Allen RC, McAtee JM: Pararescue Medications and Procedures
– Air France Flight 139 hijacked by 4 terrorists Manual. Air Force Special Operations Command Publication;
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– Flown to Entebbe (Uganda) 5. Krausz MM: Resuscitation Strategies in the Israeli Army. Presen-
– 106 hostages held in Old Terminal at airport tation to the Institute of Medicine Committee on Fluid Resuscita-
– 7 terrorists guarding hostages tion for Combat Casualties. 17 September 1998.
– 100 Ugandan troops perimeter security 6. Malish RG: The preparation of a Special Forces company for pi-
– Sayeret Matkal rescue 4 July 1986 lot recovery. Military Medicine 1999; 164: 881–884.
– Exit from C-130 in Mercedes and 2 Land Rovers 7. McSwain NE, Frame S, Paturas JL, eds: Prehospital Trauma Life
Support Manual. Akron, Mosby, Fourth Edition, 1999.
– Assault team dressed as Ugandan soldiers 8. Butler FK, Smith DJ, eds: Tactical Management of Diving Casu-
– Shot Ugandan sentry when challenged alties in Special Operations. Bethesda, Undersea and Hyperbaric
– Planned assaulted terminal through 3 doors Medical Society Workshop Report, 1998.
– First door reached booby trapped – multiple casualties 9. Butler FK, Zafren K, eds: Tactical Management of Wilderness
– What should second and third element leaders do? Casualties in Special Operations. Wilderness and Environmental
Medicine 1998; 9: 62–117.
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11. Bowden M: BlackHawk Down. New York, Atlantic Monthly
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14. Jollet AJ: Civil war surgery: Desperate measures for desparate
wounds – Part 1. Resident and Staff Physician 1998; 44: 88–92.
15. Arishita GI, Vayer JS, Bellamy RF: Cervical spine immobilization
of penetrating neck wounds in a hostile environment. Journal of
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16. Moore HG, Galloway JL: We Were Soldiers Once and Young.
New York, Random House, 1992.
CAPT Frank Butler, MC, USN 17. McRaven WH: Spec Ops – Case Studies in Special Operations
Warfare: Theory and Practice. Novato CA, Presidio Press, 1995.
CAPT Butler graduated from Basic Underwater Demolition/
SEAL training in 1972 as a member of Class 64 and sub-
sequently served as a platoon commander in both Under-
water Demolition Team Twelve and SEAL Team One. After
attending medical school at the Medical College of Geor-
gia, he did his internship in Family Practice at Naval Hospital
Jacksonville. CAPT Butler spent 5 years as a Diving Medi-
cal Research officer at the Navy Experimental Diving Unit
in Panama City, where he helped to develop many of the
diving techniques and procedures used by the Navy SEAL
teams today. He then did a residency in Ophthalmology at
the National Naval Medical Center in Bethesda, where he
was the Chief Resident in 1989. CAPT Butler was then as-
signed to the Naval Hospital Pensacola where he was Chief
of Ophthalmology from 1990 to 1994. He assumed his cur-
rent duties as Director of Biomedical Research for the Naval
Special Warfare Command in 1990 as well.

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