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Author Contributions 15. O’Reilly O, Gormley P, Hone S, et al. Hearing Disability As-
LEO conceived the idea of the Down Range Toolbox and proof- sessment. Report. Department of Health and Children 1998:7.
of-concept study. JM and RP facilitated and delivered the work https://health.gov.ie/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Hearing
in the deployed space and, with LEO, wrote the final standard -Disability-Assessment-Report-of-the-Expert-Hearing-Group.pdf
operational procedure (SOP). JM facilitated the delivery of the 16. Cain PA. Update–noise induced hearing loss and the military en-
vironment. J R Army Med Corps. 1998;144:97–101.
instructional advice for the use of the equipment. JDEL coordi- 17. Bunch CC. Traumatic deafness. In: Fowler EP Jr, ed. Nelson’s
nated the review of the subject and wrote the first draft, which Loose Leaf Medicine of the Ear. New York, NY: Thomas Nelson;
was subsequently revised and agreed on by all authors. 1939:349–367.
18. Moore DA. A review of the nature and problem of impulse noise
damage to the soldiers hearing and its prevention. J R Army Med
Financial Disclosures Corps. 1976;122:158–169.
LEO, in her capacity as director, United Kingdom (UK) Defence, 19. Brown AD, Beemer BT, Greene NT, Argo T IV, Meegan GD,
hearWELL Collaboration, administers and holds multiple re- Tollin DJ. Effects of active and passive hearing protection devices
search grants for the investigation of prevention, detection, and on sound source localization, speech recognition, and tone detec-
treatment of acoustic trauma. JM is funded by UK Defence to tion. PLoS ONE. 2015;10(8):e0136568. https://www.ncbi.nlm
undertake research (PhD) into characterization of injury and .nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4551850/
site of lesion detection in acoustic injury secondary to noise and 20. Gaston JR, Foots A, Mermagen T, Scharine A. The effectiveness
blast. The authors have indicated they have no other financial of Tactical Communication and Protection Systems (TCAPS) on
minimizing hearing hazard and maintaining auditory situational
relationships relevant to this article to disclose. awareness. Presented at the International Conference on Applied
Human Factors and Ergonomics, Washington, DC; 2019.
Funding 21. Phalguni A, Bayliss S, Moore D, Dretzke J. Existing evidence on
This work was supported by UK Defence, hearWELL Col- noise induced hearing loss and tinnitus in the military and other oc-
laboration and by an international Cooperative and Research cupational groups. Project Report. University of Birmingham, Edg-
Development Agreement (CRADA) with the US Department baston, Birmingham, UK; 2017. http://epapers.bham.ac.uk/3036
of Defense Hearing Center of Excellence. 22. Yong JS, Wang DY. Impact of noise on hearing in the military. Mil
Med Res. 2015;2:6.
23. World Health Organization. Hearing loss due to recrea tional ex -
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